This is an example of "rose" cut as you might find in any gemmology book. Reality is that often there wasn't a strict rule about number of facets or diametric shape. Also in Europe due the wars there has been shortage of diamonds from time to time, the only important matter was to save "material" therefore weight.

Old miner cut diamonds; the first "news" of diamond cutting is from the 1300 mostly to polish the irregular form of the rough; from the second half of 1400 they started to modify the rough trying to get a better light reflection. Around 1520 we have the first "news" of simple rose cut performed. Around the 1640 the French Cardinal Mazarin had the first "brilliant cut diamond" which is called Mazarin cut. Around the end of 1600 the Venetian Vincenzo Peruzzi performed the first "triple cut" or -Peruzzi cut-. The beginning of 1700 diamond were already cut with the same number of facets of the contemporary cut although proportion were not the same and there was another lower table added.

This is still an ancient "brilliant cut; it has a slight rectangular shape and it's called cushion.

This is a modern brilliant cut diamond, with the same number of facets but the proportion of table, crown and pavillon have been strictly sorted out to get the best in terms of light refraction.